{"id":550,"date":"2025-10-04T17:41:14","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T17:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/urff.app\/?p=550"},"modified":"2026-01-03T18:40:07","modified_gmt":"2026-01-03T18:40:07","slug":"computergestuetzte-handlungen-beim-mathematischen-lernen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/computergestuetzte-handlungen-beim-mathematischen-lernen\/","title":{"rendered":"\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u6d3b\u52a8\u6559\u5b66\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u53cd\u601d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u8482\u5b89\u00b7\u4e4c\u5c14\u592b 2025<\/em> \uff08\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u672c\u7248\u672c <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lernsoftware-mathematik.de\/?p=953\">2011<\/a><\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u6559\u5b66\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u80fd\u591f\u4eb2\u8eab\u63a2\u7d22\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c2012\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u624b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u79fb\u52a8\u3001\u8f6c\u52a8\u6216\u65cb\u8f6c\u7269\u4f53\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u201e\u771f\u5b9e\u201c\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6570\u5b57\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u53f0\u5f0f\u7535\u8111\u548c\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea4\u4e92\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u9f20\u6807\u70b9\u51fb\u6216\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u5e73\u677f\u7535\u8111\u7684\u89e6\u6478\u5c4f\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u63a7\u624b\u52bf\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e6\u89c9\u53cd\u9988\uff08Agostinho et al.\uff0c2015\uff09\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff08AR\uff09\u773c\u955c\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u624b\u52bf\uff08\u634f\u5408\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u7b49\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6267\u884c\u5e76\u4ee5\u89c6\u89c9\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u2014\u2014\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u7f51\u683c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c31\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u865a\u62df\u7ffb\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7269\u7406\u65cb\u8f6c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8f6f\u4ef6\u901a\u8fc7\u70b9\u51fb\u6216\u89e6\u6478\u624b\u52bf\u6267\u884c\u7ffb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u3002\u6211\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6267\u884c\u4f46\u7531\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u2026\u2026\u00a0<strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6216\u865a\u62df\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong> \uff08Urff\uff0c2010\uff09\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7531\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u652f\u6301\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u865a\u62df\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u9650\u5236\u548c\u8981\u6c42<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6700\u521d\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u90fd\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u89e6\u89c9\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\uff08Moyer-Packenham &amp; Bolyard\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u5207\u5730\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u865a\u62df\u7684\u9ccd\u72b6\u80a2\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u95fb\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6c14\u5473\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7ffb\u8f6c\u9ccd\u72b6\u80a2\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u9ccd\u72b6\u80a2\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u6b63\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\u00a0\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b66\u4e60\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u66ff\u4ee3\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c2022\uff1bBouck \u7b49\uff0c2020a\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u548c\u5b66\u524d\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e9\u671f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u5c55\u9636\u6bb5\u5bf9\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ffb\u8f6c\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f53\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6216\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u4f53\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7ffb\u8f6c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73b0\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff08\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201e\u6df7\u5408\u5f0f\u6559\u5177\u201c\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u7279\u522b\u6709\u6548\uff08Ahmad et al., 2024; Yakubova et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u4f53\/\u7269\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6574\u5408\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9664\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6f5c\u529b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u66f4\u4ed4\u7ec6\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u901a\u8fc7\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u5bf9\u771f\u5b9e\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u884c\u52a8\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6f5c\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7269\u7406\u884c\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">1. \u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u6765\u7f13\u89e3\u548c\u8f6c\u53d8\u8ba4\u77e5<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u66f4\u591a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\uff08Sweller\uff0c2020\uff1bPaas &amp; van Merri\u00ebnboer\uff0c2020\uff09\u3002\u5c06\u884c\u52a8\u51b2\u52a8\u4e0e\u5176\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Skulmowski &amp; Xu\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u5c31\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u7b26\u5408\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u65e0\u5173\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377<\/strong>, \u5373\uff0c\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Castro-Alonso\uff0c2020\uff09\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u6bb5\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u68cb\u76d8\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5c06\u65b9\u5757\u6ed1\u5165\u7f51\u683c\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u8fd9\u9879\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u865a\u62df\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u68cb\u76d8\u5219\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u70b9\u51fb\u6216\u89e6\u6478\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u5757\u3002\u5b69\u5b50\u65e0\u9700\u62c5\u5fc3\u65b9\u5757\u79fb\u52a8\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u2014\u2014\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ca\u5176\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u7b26\u53f7\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u603b\u548c\u589e\u52a0\uff09\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b69\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u5404\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6765\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u9009\u9879\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u201e\u5982\u679c\u2026\u2026\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201c\uff09\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">2. \u52a8\u4f5c\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u63a7\u5236<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u867d\u7136\u7269\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u5177\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u74f7\u7816\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u7b49\u4ef7\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u91cd\u53e0\u74f7\u7816\u3001\u9519\u4f4d\u3001\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08Moyer \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2002 \u5e74\uff1bBouck \u548c Park\uff0c2018 \u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u53d1\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u6559\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7406\u89e3\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u4e8c\u5341\u683c\u6846\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u573a\u5730\u4e0a\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u653e\u7f6e 20 \u5757\u74f7\u7816\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ea2\u8272\u74f7\u7816\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u52a8\u6784\u9020\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\uff09\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u8003\u8651 5 \u548c 10 \u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u548c\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u603b\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5339\u914d\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9 <strong>\u6982\u5ff5\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong> \u5229\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u5ff5\u652f\u67b6\u5f0f\u6559\u5b66\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u652f\u6301\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5bf9\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u800c\u8a00\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\uff08Park et al., 2022; Yakubova et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u7269\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u5757\u653e\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5bfc\u81f4\u56fe\u5f62\u8868\u5f81\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5f81\u9519\u4f4d\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u65b9\u683c\u5185\u670914\u4e2a\u65b9\u5757\uff0c\u4f46\u6570\u5b5715\u5374\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u65c1\u8fb9\uff09\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5728\u4e8b\u540e\u8bd5\u56fe\u5408\u7406\u5316\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9884\u9632\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bef\u89e3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u8868\u5f81\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">3. \u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u8868\u793a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u5f81\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u540c\u6b65\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c2012\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u00a0<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong>\u00a0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20\uff08Moyer-Packenham &amp; Bolyard\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/strong>&nbsp;\u5982\u679c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0a\u7684\u52a0\u6570\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\uff0c\u5219\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u51cf\u5c11\uff08\u7b26\u53f7\u7ea7\u522b\uff09\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u603b\u548c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8c\u5341\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u4e00\u5757\u74f7\u7816\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u603b\u53ef\u89c1\u6570\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u8f85\u52a9\u6267\u884c\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c06\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u5f81\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u4f53\u9a8c\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5168\u9762\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u6765\u8bf4\u5c24\u5176\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u7ea0\u6b63\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8868\u5f81\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u2014\u2014\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e03\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u201e\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5728\u4e8c\u5341\u683c\u6846\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e94\u4e2a\u7ea2\u8272\u65b9\u5757\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5148\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u201c\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u89c6\u89c9\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u9762\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u65f6\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u5f81\u5c42\u7ea7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c11\u5373\u662f\u591a\uff1a\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8868\u5f81\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">4. \u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba2\u89c2\u4e0a\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5177\u6709\u6559\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u884c\u52a8<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7279\u522b\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u8bf4\u660e\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u7269\u6559\u5177\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u52aa\u529b\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5982\u201c\u4e94\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u201d\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u7f51\u683c\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u653e\u7f6e\u4e94\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5374\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u884c\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c1995\uff0c2012\uff09\u3002\u5728\u865a\u62df\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u65b9\u683c\u7f51\u683c\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d2\u5165\u4e94\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u8ba9\u5b69\u5b50\u4eb2\u8eab\u4f53\u9a8c\u5230\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e94\u683c\u68cb\u76d8\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u516d\u4e2a\u68cb\u5b50\uff0c\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u5165\u516d\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u68cb\u5b50\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff08\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u70b9\u51fb\u6b21\u6570\uff09\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u767e\u65b9\u4f4d\u503c\u7cfb\u7edf\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6570\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5341\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u6216\u4ee5\u4e2a\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u63d2\u5165\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u4f4d\u503c\u8bb0\u6570\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u90fd\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 www.lernsoftware-mathematik.de\/zahlen\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5206\u7ec4\u548c\u62c6\u5206\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5341\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5341\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b9e\u7269\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u5341\u4f4d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u5341\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7528\u5341\u4f4d\u68d2\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86\u4f4d\u503c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">5. \u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9664\u4e86\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u73af\u5883\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\u8fd9\u6307\u7684\u662f\u9f13\u52b1\u72ec\u7acb\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5404\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\uff08\u865a\u62df\uff09\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u5426\u9002\u5408\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u914d\u5957\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff01<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5907\u6ce8\u548c\u53cd\u9988\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9488\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5373\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\u2014\u2014\u65e2\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u8981\u6c42\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7531\u6570\u5b57\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u53cd\u9988\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u89c6\u89c9\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6587\u672c\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u9002\u5f53\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u89c6\u89c9\u63d0\u793a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u95ea\u70c1\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u65b9\u5757\u3001\u4e3a\u6750\u6599\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c6\u89c9\u7ed3\u6784\u7279\u5f81\uff09\u6216\u542f\u53d1\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201e\u4f60\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u8bd5\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u2026\u2026\u201c\u3001\u201e\u60f3\u60f3\u770b\u2026\u2026\u201c\uff09\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/mehr-als-antworten-forschungsbasierte-anforderungen-an-ki-gestuetzte-lernbegleitung-im-mathematikunterricht\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"576\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u8f85\u52a9\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u5bfc<\/a> \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u63a2\u7d22\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u76ca\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u8868\u793a\u548c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u5404\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5b50\u8868\u793a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u8c03\u8282\u96be\u5ea6\u7ea7\u522b\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b66\u4e60\u6c34\u5e73\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u9002\u5e94\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u8fdb\u5ea6\u3002.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7\u5f55\u5236\u548c\u56de\u653e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b9e\u9a8c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u5448\u73b0\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5355\u5143\uff08\u9759\u6001\u2014\u2014\u56fe\u50cf\u6216\u6587\u672c\uff09\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u52a8\u6001\u2014\u2014\u89c6\u9891\u6216\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6559\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u201eRechenfeld\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9\u5c4f\u5e55\u5f55\u5236\u3001\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u6216\u5f55\u97f3\u7b49\u6c38\u4e45\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u6587\u6863\u5355\u5143\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6574\u7406\u6587\u6863\u3001\u5c55\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u3001\u63a2\u7d22\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bca\u65ad\u9009\u9879\uff08Wollring\uff0c2008\uff09\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u5141\u8bb8\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u7528\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u89e6\u6478\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5177\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5177\u5907\u591a\u70b9\u89e6\u63a7\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u9f20\u6807\u63a7\u5236\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89e6\u89c9\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89e6\u63a7\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u53ca\u3002\u624b\u6307\u63cf\u7ed8\u548c\u6ed1\u52a8\u7b49\u624b\u52bf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Agostinho et al., 2015; Ginns et al., 2020\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u6839\u624b\u6307\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u6216\u7f29\u653e\u624b\u52bf\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u865a\u62df\u6570\u8f74\u4e0a\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u9759\u6001\u5a92\u4f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73b0\u4ee3\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u5b66\u4e60\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u9002\u5e94\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff08Haryana \u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u8282\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u6700\u4f73\u5b66\u4e60\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u5904\u4e8e\u8d77\u6b65\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6574\u5408\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d6\u4ee3\u6216\u963b\u788d\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u589e\u5f3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u548c\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u589e\u5f3a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff08AR\uff09\u548c\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\uff08VR\uff09\u6280\u672f\u4e3a\u7a7a\u95f4-\u7269\u7406\u865a\u62df\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f00\u8f9f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u865a\u62df\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u4e09\u7ef4\u64cd\u63a7\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e0e\u5b66\u4e60\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff08Altmeyer et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u6280\u672f\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5c24\u4e3a\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cAR\u548cVR\u6280\u672f\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5177\u8eab\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4f53\u8fd0\u52a8\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6570\u5b66\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c06\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u4f53\u9a8c\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">AR\u6570\u8f74\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5728AR\u6570\u8f74\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u865a\u62df\u6570\u8f74\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u6761\u6570\u8f74\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5468\u56f4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u9650\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6cbf\u7740\u865a\u62dfAR\u6570\u8f74\u524d\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u96c6\u5408\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6570\u8f74\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u771f\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b66\u6821\u8d70\u5eca\u3001\u64cd\u573a\uff09\u4e2d\u957f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5c3d\u7ba1\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5df2\u7ecf\u663e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5ba1\u89c6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u878d\u5165\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u5b66\u4e60\u73af\u5883\u65b9\u9762\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5206\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u6bd4\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u679c\uff08Al Mutawah et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u6280\u672f\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u4f53\u6559\u5177\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u9075\u5faa\u5b66\u79d1\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6280\u672f\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d28\u91cf<\/strong>\u00a0\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff08Moyer-Packenham &amp; Bolyard\uff0c2016\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u878d\u5165\u9002\u5f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u73af\u5883\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u5371\u9669<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5b66\u4e60\u73af\u5883\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u589e\u52a0\u2014\u2014\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u3001\u5206\u6563\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff08Skulmowski &amp; Xu\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\">\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u4ee3\u6559\u5e08\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5b66\u79d1\u6559\u5b66\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6070\u6070\u76f8\u53cd\uff1a\u5f53\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u8ddf\u8fdb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u4e60\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6559\u5e08\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6210\u529f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff08Larkin\uff0c2016\uff09\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u00a0\u6559\u5e08\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u5c55\u671b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u521b\u9020\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u4f1a\u5177\u6709\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6f5c\u529b\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c2022\uff1bBouck \u7b49\uff0c2020b\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u00a0<strong>\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8865\u5145\u548c\u5ef6\u7eed<\/strong>\u00a0\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u6709\u6548\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u6750\u6599\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u6b65\u7684\u3001\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6761\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u5b66\u79d1\u6559\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u6559\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e94\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u539f\u5219\u3002.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d28\u91cf\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u6839\u636e\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u865a\u62df\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff08Urff\uff0c2014\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong> \uff08\u53cc\u91cd\u5b9e\u7269\uff09\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u884c\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u6709\u5f62\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201e\u53cc\u91cd\u5b9e\u7269\u201c\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\uff08Bonow\uff0c2020\uff09\u3002.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6559\u5e08\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\uff1a<\/strong>\u00a0\u6559\u5e08\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u53cd\u601d\u6027\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5229\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u5b66\u4e60\u6750\u6599\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u62df\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u5b66\u79d1\u6559\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u5177\u6709\u6307\u5bfc\u610f\u4e49\uff08\u53c2\u89c1Urff\uff0c2012\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u6237\u5728\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u65e0\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0e\u6570\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5\u5f62\u6210\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6765\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u597d\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u8981\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684\u6570\u5b66\uff08\u601d\u7ef4\uff09\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u865a\u62df\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u513f\u7ae5\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u90a3\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u6216\u5f88\u96be\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u53ca\u5176\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u8fdb\u6b65\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u673a\u9047\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5e94\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u52a0\u6279\u5224\u7684\u6280\u672f\u72c2\u559c\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u5e76\u975e\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u62d3\u5c55\u6559\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u00a0<strong>\u660e\u667a\u6269\u5f20<\/strong>\u00a0\uff08Krauthausen\uff0c2022\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5bf9\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b66\u4e60\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u7fa4\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\">\u6587\u5b66<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Agostinho, S., Tindall-Ford, S., Ginns, P., Howard, SJ, Leahy, W., &amp; Paas, F. (2015). \u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\uff1a\u5728 iPad \u4e0a\u7528\u624b\u6307\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6e29\u5ea6\u56fe\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6559\u80b2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8bc4\u8bba<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>27<\/em>(3), 427-443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10648-015-9315-5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Ahmad, K., Khalid, M., &amp; Khan, S. (2024).\u5177\u4f53\u548c\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u6df7\u5408\u6559\u5b66\u5bf9\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u6570\u5b66\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u6280\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u6742\u5fd7<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>24<\/em>(4), 515-532. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42330-024-00336-y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Al Mutawah, M., Thomas, R., &amp; Khine, MS (2024).\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u6559\u5177\u5bf9\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u4e60\u5206\u6570\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u7684\u6559\u80b2<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>11<\/em>(1)\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0 2379712\u3002https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2331186X.2024.2379712<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Altmeyer, K., Kapp, S., Thees, M., Malone, S., Kuhn, J., &amp; Br\u00fcnken, R. (2024). \u4e2a\u4f53\u5dee\u5f02\u5bf9\u589e\u5f3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002F. Krieglstein \u7b49\u4eba\uff08\u7f16\uff09\uff0c&nbsp;<em>\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u65b0\u5174\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0<\/em>\uff08\u7b2c 112-128 \u9875\uff09\u3002MDPI\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Bonow, J. (2020). \u6a21\u62df\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u7b97\u672f\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\uff1a\u5728\u878d\u5408\u5f0f\u6559\u5b66\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7ed3\u5408\u6559\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u8f7d\u4e8e S. Ladel\u3001C. Schreiber\u3001R. Rink \u548c D. Walter (\u7f16)\uff0c\u300a\u6570\u5b57\u5a92\u4f53\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u300b\uff08\u7b2c 55-70 \u9875\uff09\u3002WTM \u2013 Verlag f\u00fcr wissenschaftliche Texte und Medien\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Bouck, E.C., &amp; Park, J. (2018).\u652f\u6301\u6b8b\u75be\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5177\u6587\u732e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u987e\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u513f\u7ae5\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>41<\/em>(1), 65-106.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Bouck, E.C., Park, J., Sprick, J., Shurr, J., Bassette, L., &amp; Whorley, A. (2017).\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df-\u8868\u5f81-\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u6709\u6570\u5b66\u667a\u529b\u969c\u788d\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u5173\u6ce8\u81ea\u95ed\u75c7\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u80b2\u969c\u788d<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>3<\/em>3(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1088357618755696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">10.1177\/1088357618755696<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Bouck, E.C., Satsangi, R., &amp; Park, J. (2020).\u9488\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5177\u4f53-\u8868\u5f81-\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u7efc\u5408\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u8865\u4e60\u4e0e\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2<\/em>, 39(4), 211-228\u3002 <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/074193251772171\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0741932518792611<\/a>2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Bouck, E., Park, J., &amp; Stenzel, K. (2020).\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f85\u52a9\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u969c\u788d\u5b66\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u9884\u9632\u5b66\u4e1a\u5931\u8d25\uff1a\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>64<\/em>\uff0c1\u20139\u3002&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1045988X.2020.1762157\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1045988X.2020.1762157<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Castro-Alonso, J.C. (2020).\u4f18\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u65b9\u9488\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>112<\/em>\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0 106458\u3002https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2020.106458<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Ginns, P., Hu, F.T., Byrne, E., &amp; Bobis, J. (2015).\u901a\u8fc7\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u793a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u5e94\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>3<\/em>0(2), 160-169. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acp.3171\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acp.3656<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Haryana, MRA, Rambli, DRA, Sulaiman, S., &amp; Sunar, MS (2022).\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b66\u4e60\u5a92\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u521b\u65b0\u5b66\u4e60\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e2a\u4eba\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u679c\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u56fd\u9645\u7ba1\u7406\u6559\u80b2\u6742\u5fd7<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>20<\/em>\uff083\uff09\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0 100657\u3002https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijme.2022.100657<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Krauthausen, G. (1995). \u201c\u4e94\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u201d\u4e0e\u601d\u7ef4\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u8f7d\u4e8eGN M\u00fcller &amp; EC Wittmann (eds.)\uff0c&nbsp;<em>\u4f9d\u9760\u5b69\u5b50<\/em>&nbsp;\uff08\u7b2c 87-108 \u9875\uff09\u3002\u5c0f\u5b66\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Krauthausen\uff0cG.\uff082012 \u5e74\uff09\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6570\u5b57\u5a92\u4f53\u5728\u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u8bfe\u5802\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/em>. \u65bd\u666e\u6797\u683c\u5149\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Krauthausen, G. (2022). \u8bba\u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u8f7d AS Steinweg \u4e3b\u7f16\uff0c&nbsp;<em>\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4eca\u5929\u548c\u660e\u5929\uff1a\u6311\u6218\u4e0e\u524d\u666f<\/em>&nbsp;\uff08\u7b2c25-40\u9875\uff09\u3002\u73ed\u8d1d\u683c\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u3002https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20378\/irb-55799<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Krauthausen\uff0cG.\uff0c\uff06Scherer\uff0cP.\uff082010\uff09\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u5e94\u5bf9\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\uff1a\u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5206\u5316<\/em>. IPN\u6750\u6599\u3002 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sinus-an-grundschulen.de\/fileadmin\/uploads\/Material_aus_SGS\/Handreichung_Krauthausen-Scherer.pdf\">http:\/\/www.sinus-an-grundschulen.de\/fileadmin\/uploads\/Material_aus_SGS\/Handreichung_Krauthausen-Scherer.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Larkin, K. (2016).\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u6559\u5177\uff1a\u54ea\u4e9b\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u3001\u5982\u4f55\uff1f&nbsp;<em>\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u8bfe\u5802<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>21<\/em>(1), 12-17.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Moyer, PS, Bolyard, JJ, &amp; Spikell, MA (2002).\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\uff1f&nbsp;<em>\u6559\u5b69\u5b50\u6570\u5b66<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>8<\/em>(6), 372-377.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Moyer-Packenham, P.S. \u548c Bolyard, J.J. (2016). \u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u8f7d\u4e8e PS Moyer-Packenham (\u7f16)\uff0c&nbsp;<em>\u5229\u7528\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u89c6\u89d2<\/em>&nbsp;\uff08\u7b2c 3-23 \u9875\uff09\u3002\u65bd\u666e\u6797\u683c\u3002 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-32718-1_1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Paas, F., &amp; van Merri\u00ebnboer, JJG (2020).\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u5728\u590d\u6742\u4efb\u52a1\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u5fc3\u7406\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u5411<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>29<\/em>(4), 394-398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963721420922183<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Park, J., Bryant, D.P., &amp; Shin, M. (2022).\u865a\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u6548\u679c\uff1a\u5355\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u7efc\u5408\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u300a\u5b66\u4e60\u969c\u788d\u6742\u5fd7\u300b<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>55<\/em>(4), 325-337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00222194211006336<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Skulmowski, A., &amp; Xu, K.M. (2022).\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u5728\u7ebf\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff1a\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u65b0\u89c6\u89d2\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6559\u80b2\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u8bc4\u8bba<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>34<\/em>(1), 171-196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10648-021-09624-7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Sweller, J. (2020).\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u6280\u672f\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6559\u80b2\u6280\u672f\u7814\u53d1<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>68<\/em>(1), 1-16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11423-019-09701-3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Urff\uff0cC.\uff082014 \u5e74\uff09\u3002&nbsp;<em>\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u5a92\u4f53\u53ef\u4fc3\u8fdb\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u5b66\u6280\u80fd\u3002<br>\u57fa\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u5de5\u4f5c\u5de5\u5177\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u65bd<\/em>. \u4eba\u4e0e\u4e66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-tiny-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Urff, C. (2012). \u5c0f\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u6536\u5f55\u4e8e S. Ladel \u548c C. Schreiber \u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u5c0f\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff09\uff08\u7b2c 59-82 \u9875\uff09\u3002Franzbecker<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Christian Urff 2025 (aktualisierter Text zu einer Version von 2011) Einleitung Mathematische Arbeitsmittel sind zentrale Lehr- und Lernwerkzeuge, mit denen sich handelnd grundlegende mathematische Zusammenh\u00e4nge erforschen lassen (Krauthausen, 2012, 2022). Im Gegensatz zu gegenst\u00e4ndlichen Arbeitsmitteln, die Lernende mit den eigenen H\u00e4nden manipulieren k\u00f6nnen (z.B. Objekte verschieben, umlegen, umdrehen), sind die \u201erealen&#8220; Handlungsm\u00f6glichkeiten bei virtuellen Arbeitsmitteln [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=550"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":690,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/550\/revisions\/690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/urff.app\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=550"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u53ef\u6e7f\u6027\u7c89\u5242","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}